gb/src/ppu.rs

568 lines
14 KiB
Rust

use crate::Cycle;
use crate::GB_HEIGHT;
use crate::GB_WIDTH;
use bitfield::bitfield;
const VRAM_SIZE: usize = 8192;
const OAM_SIZE: usize = 160;
const PPU_START_ADDRESS: usize = 0x8000;
const WHITE: [u8; 4] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF];
const LIGHT_GRAY: [u8; 4] = [0xCC, 0xCC, 0xCC, 0xFF];
const DARK_GRAY: [u8; 4] = [0x77, 0x77, 0x77, 0xFF];
const BLACK: [u8; 4] = [0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00];
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Ppu {
pub int: Interrupt,
pub lcd_control: LCDControl,
pub monochrome: Monochrome,
pub pos: ScreenPosition,
pub vram: Box<[u8; VRAM_SIZE]>,
pub oam: Box<[u8; OAM_SIZE]>,
frame_buf: [u8; GB_WIDTH * GB_HEIGHT * 4],
pub stat: LCDStatus,
cycles: Cycle,
}
impl Ppu {
pub fn read_byte(&self, addr: u16) -> u8 {
self.vram[addr as usize - PPU_START_ADDRESS]
}
pub fn write_byte(&mut self, addr: u16, byte: u8) {
self.vram[addr as usize - PPU_START_ADDRESS] = byte;
}
}
impl Ppu {
pub fn step(&mut self, cycles: Cycle) {
self.cycles += cycles;
match self.stat.mode() {
Mode::OamScan => {
if self.cycles >= 80.into() {
self.cycles %= 80;
self.stat.set_mode(Mode::Drawing);
}
}
Mode::Drawing => {
// This mode can take from 172 -> 289 Cycles
// Remember: There's no guarantee that we start this mode
// with self.cycles == 80, since we aren't going for an accurate
// emulator
// TODO: This 172 needs to be variable somehow?
if self.cycles >= 172.into() {
self.cycles %= 172;
if self.stat.hblank_int() {
self.int.set_lcd_stat(true);
}
self.stat.set_mode(Mode::HBlank);
self.draw_scanline();
}
}
Mode::HBlank => {
// We've reached the end of a scanline
if self.cycles >= 200.into() {
self.cycles %= 200;
self.pos.line_y += 1;
let next_mode = if self.pos.line_y >= 144 {
self.int.set_vblank(true);
if self.stat.vblank_int() {
self.int.set_lcd_stat(true);
}
Mode::VBlank
} else {
if self.stat.oam_int() {
self.int.set_lcd_stat(true);
}
Mode::OamScan
};
self.stat.set_mode(next_mode);
if self.stat.coincidence_int() {
let are_equal = self.pos.line_y == self.pos.ly_compare;
self.stat.set_coincidence(are_equal);
}
}
}
Mode::VBlank => {
// We've reached the end of the screen
if self.cycles >= 456.into() {
self.cycles %= 456;
self.pos.line_y += 1;
if self.pos.line_y == 154 {
self.pos.line_y = 0;
if self.stat.oam_int() {
self.int.set_lcd_stat(true);
}
self.stat.set_mode(Mode::OamScan);
}
if self.stat.coincidence_int() {
let are_equal = self.pos.line_y == self.pos.ly_compare;
self.stat.set_coincidence(are_equal);
}
}
}
}
}
fn draw_scanline(&mut self) {
let mut scanline: [u8; GB_WIDTH * 4] = [0; GB_WIDTH * 4];
let tile_map_addr = match self.lcd_control.bg_tile_map_addr() {
TileMapAddress::X9800 => 0x9800,
TileMapAddress::X9C00 => 0x9C00,
};
let y_pos = self.pos.line_y as u16 + self.pos.scroll_y as u16;
// let y_pos = self.pos.line_y as u16;
// There are always 20 rows of tiles in the LCD Viewport
// 160 / 20 = 8, so we can figure out the row of a tile with the following
let tile_row: u16 = y_pos as u16 / 8;
for (line_x, chunk) in scanline.chunks_mut(4).enumerate() {
let x_pos = line_x as u16 + self.pos.scroll_x as u16;
// let x_pos = line_x as u16;
// There are always 18 columns of tiles in the LCD Viewport
// 144 / 18 = 8, so we can figure out the column of a tile with the following
let tile_column = x_pos / 8;
// A tile is 8 x 8, and any given pixel in a tile comes from two bytes
// so the size of a tile is (8 + 8) * 2 which is 32
let tile_addr = tile_map_addr + (tile_row * 32) as u16 + tile_column as u16;
let tile_number = self.read_byte(tile_addr);
let tile_data_addr = match self.lcd_control.tile_data_addr() {
TileDataAddress::X8800 => (0x9000_i32 + (tile_number as i32 * 16)) as u16,
TileDataAddress::X8000 => 0x8000 + (tile_number as u16 * 16),
};
// Find the correct vertical line we're on
let line = (y_pos % 8) * 2; // *2 since each vertical line takes up 2 bytes
let higher = self.read_byte(tile_data_addr + line as u16);
let lower = self.read_byte(tile_data_addr + line as u16 + 1);
let pixels = Pixels::from_bytes(higher, lower);
let bit = x_pos as usize % 8;
let palette = self.monochrome.bg_palette;
let shade = palette.colour(pixels.pixel(7 - bit)); // Flip Horizontally
chunk.copy_from_slice(&shade.into_rgba());
}
let i = (GB_WIDTH * 4) * self.pos.line_y as usize;
self.frame_buf[i..(i + scanline.len())].copy_from_slice(&scanline);
}
pub fn copy_to_gui(&self, frame: &mut [u8]) {
frame.copy_from_slice(&self.frame_buf);
}
}
impl Default for Ppu {
fn default() -> Self {
Self {
int: Interrupt::default(),
lcd_control: Default::default(),
monochrome: Default::default(),
pos: Default::default(),
stat: Default::default(),
vram: Box::new([0u8; VRAM_SIZE]),
oam: Box::new([0u8; OAM_SIZE]),
cycles: 0.into(),
frame_buf: [0; GB_WIDTH * GB_HEIGHT * 4],
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Default)]
pub struct Interrupt {
_vblank: bool,
_lcd_stat: bool,
}
impl Interrupt {
pub fn vblank(&self) -> bool {
self._vblank
}
pub fn set_vblank(&mut self, enabled: bool) {
self._vblank = enabled;
}
pub fn lcd_stat(&self) -> bool {
self._lcd_stat
}
pub fn set_lcd_stat(&mut self, enabled: bool) {
self._lcd_stat = enabled;
}
}
bitfield! {
pub struct LCDStatus(u8);
impl Debug;
pub coincidence_int, set_coincidence_int: 6;
pub oam_int, set_oam_int: 5;
pub vblank_int, set_vblank_int: 4;
pub hblank_int, set_hblank_int: 3;
pub coincidence, set_coincidence: 2; // LYC == LY Flag
from into Mode, _mode, set_mode: 1, 0;
}
impl LCDStatus {
pub fn mode(&self) -> Mode {
self._mode()
}
}
impl Copy for LCDStatus {}
impl Clone for LCDStatus {
fn clone(&self) -> Self {
*self
}
}
impl Default for LCDStatus {
fn default() -> Self {
Self(0x80) // bit 7 is always 1
}
}
impl From<u8> for LCDStatus {
fn from(byte: u8) -> Self {
Self(byte)
}
}
impl From<LCDStatus> for u8 {
fn from(status: LCDStatus) -> Self {
status.0
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum Mode {
HBlank = 0,
VBlank = 1,
OamScan = 2,
Drawing = 3,
}
impl From<u8> for Mode {
fn from(byte: u8) -> Self {
match byte {
0b00 => Self::HBlank,
0b01 => Self::VBlank,
0b10 => Self::OamScan,
0b11 => Self::Drawing,
_ => unreachable!("{:#04X} is not a valid value for LCDMode", byte),
}
}
}
impl From<Mode> for u8 {
fn from(mode: Mode) -> Self {
mode as Self
}
}
impl Default for Mode {
fn default() -> Self {
Self::HBlank
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Default)]
pub struct ScreenPosition {
pub scroll_y: u8,
pub scroll_x: u8,
pub line_y: u8,
pub ly_compare: u8,
pub window_y: u8,
pub window_x: u8,
}
bitfield! {
pub struct LCDControl(u8);
impl Debug;
lcd_enabled, set_lcd_enabled: 7;
from into TileMapAddress, win_tile_map_addr, set_win_tile_map_addr: 6, 6;
window_enabled, set_window_enabled: 5;
from into TileDataAddress, tile_data_addr, set_tile_data_addr: 4, 4;
from into TileMapAddress, bg_tile_map_addr, set_bg_tile_map_addr: 3, 3;
from into ObjectSize, obg_size, set_obj_size: 2, 2;
obj_enabled, set_obj_enabled: 1;
bg_win_enabled, set_bg_win_enabled: 0;
}
impl Copy for LCDControl {}
impl Clone for LCDControl {
fn clone(&self) -> Self {
*self
}
}
impl Default for LCDControl {
fn default() -> Self {
Self(0)
}
}
impl From<u8> for LCDControl {
fn from(byte: u8) -> Self {
Self(byte)
}
}
impl From<LCDControl> for u8 {
fn from(ctrl: LCDControl) -> Self {
ctrl.0
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
enum TileMapAddress {
X9800 = 0,
X9C00 = 1,
}
impl From<u8> for TileMapAddress {
fn from(byte: u8) -> Self {
match byte {
0b00 => Self::X9800,
0b01 => Self::X9C00,
_ => unreachable!("{:#04X} is not a valid value for TileMapRegister", byte),
}
}
}
impl From<TileMapAddress> for u8 {
fn from(reg: TileMapAddress) -> Self {
reg as Self
}
}
impl Default for TileMapAddress {
fn default() -> Self {
Self::X9800
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
enum TileDataAddress {
X8800 = 0,
X8000 = 1,
}
impl From<u8> for TileDataAddress {
fn from(byte: u8) -> Self {
match byte {
0b00 => Self::X8800,
0b01 => Self::X8000,
_ => unreachable!("{:#04X} is not a valid value for TileDataRegister", byte),
}
}
}
impl From<TileDataAddress> for u8 {
fn from(reg: TileDataAddress) -> Self {
reg as Self
}
}
impl Default for TileDataAddress {
fn default() -> Self {
Self::X8800
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
enum ObjectSize {
EightByEight = 0,
EightBySixteen = 1,
}
impl From<u8> for ObjectSize {
fn from(byte: u8) -> Self {
match byte {
0b00 => Self::EightByEight,
0b01 => Self::EightBySixteen,
_ => unreachable!("{:#04X} is not a valid value for ObjSize", byte),
}
}
}
impl From<ObjectSize> for u8 {
fn from(size: ObjectSize) -> Self {
size as Self
}
}
impl Default for ObjectSize {
fn default() -> Self {
Self::EightByEight
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum GrayShade {
White = 0,
LightGray = 1,
DarkGray = 2,
Black = 3,
}
impl GrayShade {
pub fn into_rgba(self) -> [u8; 4] {
match self {
GrayShade::White => WHITE,
GrayShade::LightGray => LIGHT_GRAY,
GrayShade::DarkGray => DARK_GRAY,
GrayShade::Black => BLACK,
}
}
}
impl Default for GrayShade {
fn default() -> Self {
Self::White
}
}
impl From<u8> for GrayShade {
fn from(byte: u8) -> Self {
match byte {
0b00 => GrayShade::White,
0b01 => GrayShade::LightGray,
0b10 => GrayShade::DarkGray,
0b11 => GrayShade::Black,
_ => unreachable!("{:#04X} is not a valid value for GrayShade", byte),
}
}
}
impl From<GrayShade> for u8 {
fn from(shade: GrayShade) -> Self {
shade as Self
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Default)]
pub struct Monochrome {
pub bg_palette: BackgroundPalette,
pub obj_palette_0: ObjectPalette,
pub obj_palette_1: ObjectPalette,
}
bitfield! {
pub struct BackgroundPalette(u8);
impl Debug;
pub from into GrayShade, i3_colour, set_i3_colour: 7, 6;
pub from into GrayShade, i2_colour, set_i2_colour: 5, 4;
pub from into GrayShade, i1_colour, set_i1_colour: 3, 2;
pub from into GrayShade, i0_colour, set_i0_colour: 1, 0;
}
impl BackgroundPalette {
pub fn colour(&self, id: u8) -> GrayShade {
match id {
0b00 => self.i0_colour(),
0b01 => self.i1_colour(),
0b10 => self.i2_colour(),
0b11 => self.i3_colour(),
_ => unreachable!("{:#04X} is not a valid colour id", id),
}
}
}
impl Copy for BackgroundPalette {}
impl Clone for BackgroundPalette {
fn clone(&self) -> Self {
*self
}
}
impl Default for BackgroundPalette {
fn default() -> Self {
Self(0)
}
}
impl From<u8> for BackgroundPalette {
fn from(byte: u8) -> Self {
Self(byte)
}
}
impl From<BackgroundPalette> for u8 {
fn from(palette: BackgroundPalette) -> Self {
palette.0
}
}
bitfield! {
pub struct ObjectPalette(u8);
impl Debug;
pub from into GrayShade, i3_colour, set_i3_colour: 7, 6;
pub from into GrayShade, i2_colour, set_i2_colour: 5, 4;
pub from into GrayShade, i1_colour, set_i1_colour: 3, 2;
}
impl Copy for ObjectPalette {}
impl Clone for ObjectPalette {
fn clone(&self) -> Self {
*self
}
}
impl Default for ObjectPalette {
fn default() -> Self {
Self(0)
}
}
impl From<u8> for ObjectPalette {
fn from(byte: u8) -> Self {
Self(byte)
}
}
impl From<ObjectPalette> for u8 {
fn from(palette: ObjectPalette) -> Self {
palette.0
}
}
struct Pixels([u8; 2]);
impl Pixels {
pub fn from_bytes(higher: u8, lower: u8) -> Self {
Self([higher, lower])
}
pub fn pixel(&self, bit: usize) -> u8 {
let higher = self.0[0] >> bit;
let lower = self.0[1] >> bit;
(higher & 0x01) << 1 | lower & 0x01
}
}